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Presets: Koebe · z/(1−z) · z·exp(z/2) · log(1+z) · arctan(z) · sin(z) · z+z² (not starlike)
Ma-Minda extremals: cardioid · lemniscate · ℘ cardioid · 3-leaf · 4-leaf · epi-3 · epi-6

Counterexamples found with this tool

Every row is a certified disproof a run like the one above produced: a point z on |z| = r where interval arithmetic guarantees Re(zf′/f) < 0, so f cannot be starlike there. A sound witness, not a sampled point.

These are computational non-membership facts, not refutations of any published theorem - most are special functions that are starlike only on a smaller sub-disk, or synthetic test cases. We record them as honest negative results.

Filtered to Convex of order α — K(α). Show all →
14Counterexample facts
FamilyClosed form / ParamsProperty Representative witness zRe(zf′/f) ≤ Proven rWitnesses
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.5}
starlike 0.99*exp(i*0.261927) Re ≤ -0.3146 r ≤ 0.950
3 runs
  1. #25 · 0.99*exp(i*0.261927) · Re ≤ -0.3146 · r ≤ 0.950 · boundary_scan_polynomial
  2. #469 · 0.99*exp(i*6.023943) · Re ≤ -0.3164 · r ≤ 0.950 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  3. #964 · 0.9900*exp(i*-0.24435) · Re ≤ -0.2156 · r ≤ 0.950 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.5211}
starlike 0.99*exp(i*6.024038) Re ≤ -0.1079 r ≤ 0.950
3 runs
  1. #239 · 0.99*exp(i*6.024038) · Re ≤ -0.1079 · r ≤ 0.950 · boundary_scan_polynomial
  2. #482 · 0.99*exp(i*6.02471) · Re ≤ -0.1080 · r ≤ 0.950 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  3. #1038 · 0.9900*exp(i*-0.24435) · Re ≤ -0.0343 · r ≤ 0.950 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.4168}
starlike 0.99*exp(i*0.266913) Re ≤ -1.4374 r ≤ 0.950
2 runs
  1. #480 · 0.99*exp(i*0.266913) · Re ≤ -1.4374 · r ≤ 0.950 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #1036 · 0.9900*exp(i*-0.27925) · Re ≤ -1.2863 · r ≤ 0.950 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.4689}
starlike 0.99*exp(i*6.022409) Re ≤ -0.6742 r ≤ 0.950
2 runs
  1. #481 · 0.99*exp(i*6.022409) · Re ≤ -0.6742 · r ≤ 0.950 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #1037 · 0.9900*exp(i*-0.27925) · Re ≤ -0.5185 · r ≤ 0.950 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.25}
starlike 0.95*exp(i*6.004001) Re ≤ -1.2921 r ≤ 0.900
2 runs
  1. #468 · 0.95*exp(i*6.004001) · Re ≤ -1.2921 · r ≤ 0.900 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #963 · 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) · Re ≤ -6.4415 · r ≤ 0.900 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.2605}
starlike 0.95*exp(i*6.004001) Re ≤ -1.1413 r ≤ 0.900
2 runs
  1. #477 · 0.95*exp(i*6.004001) · Re ≤ -1.1413 · r ≤ 0.900 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #1033 · 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) · Re ≤ -5.9261 · r ≤ 0.900 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.3126}
starlike 0.95*exp(i*6.005535) Re ≤ -0.4973 r ≤ 0.900
2 runs
  1. #478 · 0.95*exp(i*6.005535) · Re ≤ -0.4973 · r ≤ 0.900 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #1034 · 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) · Re ≤ -3.8383 · r ≤ 0.900 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.3647}
starlike 0.95*exp(i*5.706792) Re ≤ -0.0735 r ≤ 0.900
2 runs
  1. #479 · 0.95*exp(i*5.706792) · Re ≤ -0.0735 · r ≤ 0.900 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #1035 · 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) · Re ≤ -2.3523 · r ≤ 0.900 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.1}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*-0.59341) Re ≤ -18.9797 r ≤ - 1
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.0}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*-2.09440) Re ≤ -88.8649 r ≤ - 1
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.0521}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*0.59341) Re ≤ -33.5871 r ≤ - 1
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.1042}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*-0.59341) Re ≤ -18.1419 r ≤ - 1
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.1563}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) Re ≤ -12.9686 r ≤ - 1
Convex of order α — K(α)
{'alpha': 0.2084}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) Re ≤ -8.8757 r ≤ - 1
How to read a witness
z = r·exp(i·θ) is a point on the boundary circle of radius r in the unit disk. The verifier bounds Re(zf′(z)/f(z)) over a small arc around z with mpmath interval arithmetic; the upper bound shown is strictly negative, so Re(zf′/f) < 0 on the whole arc - f cannot be starlike on a disk containing z. Proven, not approximated.  Programmatic access: GET /api/v2/counterexamples
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