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Presets: Koebe · z/(1−z) · z·exp(z/2) · log(1+z) · arctan(z) · sin(z) · z+z² (not starlike)
Ma-Minda extremals: cardioid · lemniscate · ℘ cardioid · 3-leaf · 4-leaf · epi-3 · epi-6

Counterexamples found with this tool

Every row is a certified disproof a run like the one above produced: a point z on |z| = r where interval arithmetic guarantees Re(zf′/f) < 0, so f cannot be starlike there. A sound witness, not a sampled point.

These are computational non-membership facts, not refutations of any published theorem - most are special functions that are starlike only on a smaller sub-disk, or synthetic test cases. We record them as honest negative results.

Filtered to z + z² + z³/2. Show all →
3Counterexample facts
FamilyClosed form / ParamsProperty Representative witness zRe(zf′/f) ≤ Proven rWitnesses
z + z² + z³/2
z + z^2 + z^3/2
starlike 0.8*exp(i*2.374602) Re ≤ -0.0624 r ≤ 0.600
4 runs
  1. #30 · 0.8*exp(i*2.374602) · Re ≤ -0.0624 · r ≤ 0.600 · boundary_scan_polynomial
  2. #494 · 0.8*exp(i*2.374602) · Re ≤ -0.0624 · r ≤ 0.600 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  3. #818 · 0.8*exp(i*2.374602) · Re ≤ -0.0624 · r ≤ 0.600 · boundary_scan_closed_form_v31
  4. #967 · 0.9900*exp(i*-2.37365) · Re ≤ -1.0010 · r ≤ 0.600 · pointwise_starlike_iv
z + z² + z³/2
z + z^2 + z^3/2
nehari_univalent 0.8162*exp(i*-2.51327) ≥ 1529.2850 (threshold 2) r ≤ - 1
z + z² + z³/2
z + z^2 + z^3/2
becker_univalent 0.8162*exp(i*-2.51327) ≥ 32.1175 (threshold 1) r ≤ - 1
How to read a witness
z = r·exp(i·θ) is a point on the boundary circle of radius r in the unit disk. The verifier bounds Re(zf′(z)/f(z)) over a small arc around z with mpmath interval arithmetic; the upper bound shown is strictly negative, so Re(zf′/f) < 0 on the whole arc - f cannot be starlike on a disk containing z. Proven, not approximated.  Programmatic access: GET /api/v2/counterexamples
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