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Presets: Koebe · z/(1−z) · z·exp(z/2) · log(1+z) · arctan(z) · sin(z) · z+z² (not starlike)
Ma-Minda extremals: cardioid · lemniscate · ℘ cardioid · 3-leaf · 4-leaf · epi-3 · epi-6

Counterexamples found with this tool

Every row is a certified disproof a run like the one above produced: a point z on |z| = r where interval arithmetic guarantees Re(zf′/f) < 0, so f cannot be starlike there. A sound witness, not a sampled point.

These are computational non-membership facts, not refutations of any published theorem - most are special functions that are starlike only on a smaller sub-disk, or synthetic test cases. We record them as honest negative results.

Filtered to Ruscheweyh family R(λ). Show all →
23Counterexample facts
FamilyClosed form / ParamsProperty Representative witness zRe(zf′/f) ≤ Proven rWitnesses
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 0.1}
starlike 0.99*exp(i*6.022409) Re ≤ -0.9232 r ≤ 0.950
2 runs
  1. #702 · 0.99*exp(i*6.022409) · Re ≤ -0.9232 · r ≤ 0.950 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #1053 · 0.9900*exp(i*-0.27925) · Re ≤ -0.7684 · r ≤ 0.950 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 0.5}
starlike 0.95*exp(i*6.004001) Re ≤ -1.2921 r ≤ 0.900
2 runs
  1. #698 · 0.95*exp(i*6.004001) · Re ≤ -1.2921 · r ≤ 0.900 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #995 · 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) · Re ≤ -6.4415 · r ≤ 0.900 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 0.25}
starlike 0.95*exp(i*5.707415) Re ≤ -0.0030 r ≤ 0.900
2 runs
  1. #703 · 0.95*exp(i*5.707415) · Re ≤ -0.0030 · r ≤ 0.900 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #1054 · 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) · Re ≤ -2.1128 · r ≤ 0.900 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 0.4}
starlike 0.95*exp(i*0.581379) Re ≤ -0.6236 r ≤ 0.900
2 runs
  1. #704 · 0.95*exp(i*0.581379) · Re ≤ -0.6236 · r ≤ 0.900 · boundary_scan_centered_v31
  2. #1055 · 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) · Re ≤ -4.2795 · r ≤ 0.900 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 2.5}
starlike 0.8*exp(i*4.176886) Re ≤ -15.3090 r ≤ -
2 runs
  1. #296 · 0.8*exp(i*4.176886) · Re ≤ -15.3090 · boundary_scan_polynomial
  2. #1067 · 0.8320*exp(i*1.22173) · Re ≤ -113.7068 · pointwise_starlike_iv
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 1.0}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*-2.09440) Re ≤ -88.8649 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 1.5}
starlike 0.9347*exp(i*-1.50098) Re ≤ -176.9168 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 2.0}
starlike 0.8952*exp(i*-0.62832) Re ≤ -528.2005 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 0.6}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) Re ≤ -9.4526 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 0.75}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*0.27925) Re ≤ -15.9485 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 0.8}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*-0.59341) Re ≤ -18.9797 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 0.9}
starlike 0.9900*exp(i*0.59341) Re ≤ -34.5376 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 1.1}
starlike 0.9821*exp(i*-2.09440) Re ≤ -215.3095 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 1.25}
starlike 0.9663*exp(i*-1.50098) Re ≤ -471.6441 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 1.4}
starlike 0.9505*exp(i*0.90757) Re ≤ -790.2280 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 1.6}
starlike 0.9189*exp(i*-1.50098) Re ≤ -94.3174 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 1.75}
starlike 0.9031*exp(i*-1.50098) Re ≤ -70.9235 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 1.9}
starlike 0.9031*exp(i*0.62832) Re ≤ -178.1950 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 2.25}
starlike 0.8557*exp(i*-1.22173) Re ≤ -128.6963 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 2.75}
starlike 0.8083*exp(i*1.81514) Re ≤ -147.0676 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 3.0}
starlike 0.8004*exp(i*0.94248) Re ≤ -229.2260 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 3.5}
starlike 0.7530*exp(i*1.81514) Re ≤ -170.8297 r ≤ - 1
Ruscheweyh family R(λ)
{'lambda': 4.0}
starlike 0.7135*exp(i*2.40855) Re ≤ -105.4944 r ≤ - 1
How to read a witness
z = r·exp(i·θ) is a point on the boundary circle of radius r in the unit disk. The verifier bounds Re(zf′(z)/f(z)) over a small arc around z with mpmath interval arithmetic; the upper bound shown is strictly negative, so Re(zf′/f) < 0 on the whole arc - f cannot be starlike on a disk containing z. Proven, not approximated.  Programmatic access: GET /api/v2/counterexamples
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